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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurological disorder that affects motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain which causes progressive degeneration of muscle control. The onset of ALS usually starts between the ages of 40 to 70 and affects approximately two to seven individuals per 100,000 people globally, with an average survival time after diagnosis ranging from two to five years.  ALS is hard to diagnose at an early stage due to similar symptoms with other diseases and no one single test to specifically diagnose ALS.  Several diagnosis methods include electromyogram, nerve conduction study, MRI, blood and urine tests, lumbar puncture, muscle and nerve biopsy. The absence of definitive biomarkers complicates early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression, while the subtle and variable symptoms often leads to misdiagnosis or delays in care. This research introduces a novel predictive model for ALS that leverages deep learning techniques alongside patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). By employing advanced machine learning algorithms, the study analyzes cellular and genetic data from iPSCs to uncover patterns associated with ALS progression. It also incorporates image analysis of motor neurons derived from iPSCs of both ALS patients and healthy individuals, utilizing a convolutional neural network (CNN) model that achieves classification accuracy. This innovative approach aims to deepen the understanding of ALS mechanisms and facilitate early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies, potentially transforming the management of neurodegenerative diseases. The research institute is seeking for clinical studies partners and pharmaceutical companies for collaboration. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs): Use of patient-derived iPSCs to study cellular responses related to ALS. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN): Implementation of a CNN model for image classification of motor neurons derived from both ALS patients and healthy controls. Identification of patterns in cellular and genetic data correlated with ALS progression is used to develop a model that can predict disease outcomes. High Classification Accuracy: Achieving a high area under the curve (AUC) of 0.97, indicating effective classification performance. Clinical Relevance: Focus on enhancing early diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies for ALS. Early Diagnosis: It helps in diagnosing diseases like ALS at earlier stages, which is crucial for timely treatment. Personalized Medicine: iPSCs reflect a patient’s unique genetic background, enabling tailored treatments and drug testing. Disease Modeling: The method allows for creating precise disease models to understand progression. Drug Screening: Researchers can test the efficacy of potential treatments on iPSC-derived cells before clinical trials. The global neurodegenerative disease therapy market is valued at around $30 billion to $40 billion and is expected to expand significantly over the coming years, with projected annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately 6% to 8% through the next decade, driven by increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders, advancements in research and technology, and growing demand for effective treatments. Major segments within the market include therapies for Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington’s disease, and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). By using patient-derived iPSCs, the method reflects an individual’s genetic makeup, allowing precise modeling of ALS-affected motor neurons. The integration with a convolutional neural network (CNN) provides high diagnostic accuracy (AUC of 0.97), outperforming human analysis. This approach holds promise for early diagnosis, personalized treatment, and advancing our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases through non-invasive, patient-specific models. Neurodegenerative Diseases, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs), Cellular Data, Genetic Analysis, Early Diagnosis, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Personalized Treatment Healthcare, Diagnostics, Telehealth, Medical Software & Imaging, Pharmaceuticals & Therapeutics

Phosphine oxide-based photoinitiators, such as TPO and BAPO, are commonly used in biomedical applications due to their effective polymerization properties. TPO is widely used in products like coatings, inks, and adhesives. The industry is seeking safer alternatives with an upcoming ban on TPO effective from September 2025 in Europe due to its reproductive toxicity. Current alternatives focus on either low toxicity or increased water solubility, but there is a significant gap in finding a photoinitiator that combines both. This is important for applications requiring high biocompatibility, such as biomedical devices and tissue engineering. This technology is a new generation of photoinitiators that offers significantly lower toxicity compared to TPO/BAPO, making them ideal for sensitive biomedical applications. Their enhanced water solubility allows them to integrate easily into aqueous systems without harmful solvents, supporting the demand for sustainable products. Water-soluble photoinitiators also improve biocompatibility, reducing the risk of toxicity in applications involving direct contact with biological tissues. Additionally, these photoinitiators are customizable in curing speed, depth, and substrate compatibility, making them suitable for a variety of industries including coatings, adhesives, and advanced 3D printing. The technology owner is seeking IP licensing and R&D collaborators in the biomedical field, including manufacturers of hydrogel-based products like wound healing patches, tissue scaffolds, or bioadhesives along with companies in the materials and personal space looking for safer, sustainable photoinitiator alternatives. Medical institutions that can expand on the in vitro cytotoxicity studies or translate in vitro cytotoxicity results into in vivo animal models are also of interest.  Compatible with organic and aqueous systems: These liquid, carbene-precursor photoinitiators can be incorporated into organic or aqueous systems without the need for additional co-solvents. Customisable properties: Liquid by nature, these photoinitiators can be incorporated into the system to elicit different properties (i.e. curing speed, porosity). Reduction in leachate toxicity: Diazo moieties generated through this irradiation could potentially reduce leachate toxicity by reacting and disabling monomers, contributing to safer and more biocompatible materials. Polymerization of various vinyl monomers: Upon exposure to appropriate wavelengths of light (such as UV or visible light), this photoinitiator generates reactive species that efficiently initiate the polymerization of various vinyl monomers. This property makes it highly suitable for use in a broad range of polymerization processes. Removable through washing: Enhance biocompatibility for sensitive in vivo applications such as resorbable tissue scaffolds. Biomedical systems: Medical devices, drug delivery systems, resorbable tissue scaffold and other biomedical systems. Biomedical 3D printing: Releases gases during irradiation, which allows for shrinkage compensation. Can generate porosity for cell seeding in live cell encapsulation applications. Dental materials: Non-yellowing, great for customisable dental applications. Cosmetics: Nail gels and UV-cured beauty treatments. Other applications sensitive to the leaching of toxic compounds: E.g. food packaging, coating, adhesives and any applications that needs to be compliant to regulations and cannot have harmful substances migrating into food or skin. Current solutions in the market have a trade-off between toxicity and water solubility. These photoinitiators represent a significant advancement by combining the two features. It not only addresses current industry challenges but also opens new possibilities for innovation and application. Low toxicity: Notably reduced toxicity in preliminary in vitro studies. Water-soluble: Compatible with aqueous systems which unlocks market potential in biomedical field. Liquid formulations can be easily incorporated into large-scale industrial processes and manufacturing without the prior need for dissolution in compatible solvents. photoinitiator, hydrogel, diazirine, carbene, non-toxic, biomedical, biomedical 3d print, biomedical 3d printing Materials, Bio Materials, Healthcare, Medical Devices

Tactile indicators and flat tiles are typically made from porcelain-based or traditional concrete materials. Porcelain surfaces tend to be smooth and slippery, posing a safety risk for pedestrians, and they are also brittle, making them prone to damage. Traditional concrete, while more durable, is bulky and heavy, making installation challenging. Bendable concrete tactile indicators offer a solution to the drawbacks of both materials. They are slip-resistant, durable, and lightweight, making them easier to install. It utilizes high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete that is designed using the micro-mechanics guided principles. The design focuses on suitable tailoring of fiber-cementitious matrix interface that enable tensile strain-hardening characteristics similar to metal. Under normal load conditions, bendable concrete exhibits stiffness comparable to traditional concrete. However, when overloaded, instead of fracturing suddenly, it deforms while continuing to bear the load, much like ductile metals that undergo plastic deformation after yielding. This material is exceptionally tough, with a fracture toughness comparable to that of aluminum alloys. The technology owner is seeking potential partnerships for IP licensing. Potential partners include tile manufacturers and companies in related industries. Compressive strength: Around 50 MPa Flexural strength: 10-15 MPa, three to five times of traditional concrete  Tensile strain capacity: Greater than 3%, several hundred times that of traditional concrete Improved skid resistance: Greater than 50 BPN Reduced tile thickness: Smaller than 12 mm compared to traditional concrete material at 40-60 mm Potential applications include but not limited to tactile indicators and flat tiles for outdoor applications where high skid resistance, durability, and lightweight are of importance. In Singapore, approximately 100,000 m² of tactile indicators are installed at conflict zones in major road junctions. These indicators are also widely used in similar zones at service road junctions within HDB estates, industrial parks, universities, schools, hospitals, train stations, and other public buildings. Additionally, an estimated 39,000 m² of tiles will be required for an upcoming footpath rejuvenation project, where flat tiles will be used to repave footpaths in areas across Singapore, including the Central Business District. Surface skid resistant: Provides more friction while walking, hence better footing compared to porcelain-based tactile indicators. Durable: Less prone to crack, chips or wear and tear compared to porcelain-based solutions, allowing for the creation of thin tactile indicators without the need for steel reinforcement. bendable concrete, strain hardening cementitious composites, cement, tactile indicator, tile Materials, Composites

This invention addresses a significant challenge in the field of plastic resin identification and sorting, a critical issue in material recovery facilities (MRFs) and industrial plastic sorting. Traditional methods of sorting plastic resins are often inefficient and prone to errors, leading to contamination and reduced quality of recycled materials. This technology introduces a novel AI training method specifically designed for plastic resin classification using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. The approach leverages self-supervised learning and masked signal modeling (MSM) to enhance the accuracy and robustness of deep learning models in identifying various plastic resins, based on their spectral signature data. One of the unique aspects of this technology is its integration with a rotary sorting system, which significantly improves the speed and precision of sorting operations in MRFs. By automating the resin identification process with accuracy of up to 95% and reducing reliance on manual sorting, this technology helps facilities achieve higher purity in recycled materials, addressing a critical need in the recycling industry. The technology owner is seeking to collaborate with industry partners operating MRFs and uses a rotary sorting system to integrate and perform test-bedding of the technology. High Accuracy: The AI model achieves over 95% accuracy in plastic resin classification, leveraging near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with deep learning techniques. Modular and Scalable Design: The system's modular, stackable design allows easy integration into existing facilities and scalable expansion, from small local MRFs to large industrial plastic sorting plants. It can be combined with robotic arms or human-operated stations, offering a flexible, customised solution that adapts to specific operational needs. Real-Time, High-Speed Sorting: The integration of a rotary sorting system enables real-time processing, handling up to 2 plastic samples in 1 second. This speed and efficiency surpasses traditional conveyor-based systems, making it ideal for large-scale operations. Energy Efficiency and Cost Reduction: This rotary system is energy-efficient, reducing operational costs by up to 30% compared to conventional methods. Its low maintenance requirements further minimise downtime, making it a cost-effective long-term solution. Sustainability Impact: By improving sorting accuracy and efficiency, the technology supports sustainable recycling practices and reduces the environmental footprint of plastic waste management.   Waste management and recycling Manufacturing and production Environmental and sustainability applications It is estimated that by 2025, the global market for machine vision technologies to improve material sorting process will reach a value of US$1.5 billion, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 25% between 2020 and 2025 – Picvisa. Utilising advanced AI models trained with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and incorporating self-supervised learning with masked signal modeling (MSM), this technology achieves over 95% accuracy in resin classification. This precision surpasses existing methods, reducing contamination and improving the purity of recycled materials. AI-based plastic sorting, Industrial plastic recycling Waste Management & Recycling, Industrial Waste Management, Sustainability, Circular Economy

Access to clean and safe drinking water is a critical issue in many parts of Asia, particularly in rural and less accessible regions. A large portion of the population relies on surface or groundwater for daily consumption, yet as many as 240 million people are exposed to water that exceeds World Health Organization (WHO) safety limits. The increasing contamination of water sources due to anthropogenic activities such as industrial pollution, agricultural runoff, and inadequate sanitation has made water treatment essential. However, most portable water treatment systems currently available lack a vital feature: real-time monitoring of the treated water’s quality. This leaves consumers uncertain about whether the water they are drinking is truly safe, especially in unpredictable environments where water quality can fluctuate.  This technology combines IoT technology with water monitoring, offering real-time monitoring and feedback on water quality. This portable system allows users to remotely control and manage the treatment process, ensuring operational efficiency even in rural areas. With water-saving features and a low-maintenance design, it provides a sustainable and reliable solution for safe drinking water in remote and resource-limited regions.  The technology owner seeks collaboration with end users like rural communities, humanitarian organizations, and government agencies focused on water quality. They are also looking for test-bedding partners such as environmental research institutions and NGOs, and solution providers like manufacturers and IoT developers interested in sustainable water treatment and international expansion.  Portability: Compact design, easy to transport and deploy in remote locations. Remote Control: Fully controllable via mobile phone, allowing users to manage water treatment operations remotely.  Real-Time Monitoring: Continuous water quality measurement with real-time data accessible through a mobile app.  Innovative Cleaning System: Advanced cleaning mechanism reduces maintenance and extends operational life.  Modular & Scalable Design: Customizable system modules that can be scaled up or down based on user requirements and water demand.  Off-Grid Applications: Ideal for remote areas without access to conventional water treatment infrastructure.  River/Surface/Groundwater Treatment: Suitable for monitoring treated water from various water sources such as rivers, lakes, and wells.  Rainwater Harvesting: Enhances the usability of harvested rainwater by ensuring its quality through data monitoring.  Consumer Market: Designed for rugged or rural terrains, catering to campers, adventurers, and outdoor enthusiasts.  Military and Outdoor Activities: Useful for army camps and field operations, providing data for safe drinking water in challenging environments. Agriculture Irrigation: Adaptable for small-scale agricultural use to provide purified water for crops irrigation or livestocks.  Real-Time Water Quality Monitoring: Provides continuous feedback on treated water quality, ensuring consumer confidence and safety.  IoT-Enabled Remote Control: Users can remotely control and monitor the system via mobile devices, offering convenience and flexibility.  Water-Saving Backwash Feature: Optimized design reduces water wastage during backwash, promoting sustainability and efficient water use.  Predictive Maintenance Alerts: Integrated system alerts users for timely maintenance, reducing downtime and ensuring consistent operation.  Maintenance Alerts: Integrated system alerts users for timely maintenance, reducing downtime and ensuring consistent operation.  Enhanced Consumer Confidence: The system's real-time monitoring and remote-control features offer greater peace of mind compared to conventional water filtration systems (lacking a monitoring system).  Real-Time Data Acquisition: For monitoring and prediction of water consumption patterns and filter performance.  portable water treatment, water treatment, pollution detection, water, detection, iot, water quality Environment, Clean Air & Water, Sensor, Network, Monitoring & Quality Control Systems, Sustainability, Sustainable Living

In the preparation of traditional Asian dishes such as soups, curries, and noodles, achieving the perfect balance of saltiness is crucial for flavor consistency. However, many chefs, food manufacturers, and home cooks rely on subjective taste assessments, which can lead to inconsistent results. This becomes particularly challenging when scaling up for mass production or when catering to individuals with specific dietary needs. Current salinity testing methods are often cumbersome, require lab equipment, or are not tailored for quick, accurate, and portable use in kitchen environments, making it difficult to ensure the precise salt levels necessary for quality control. The technology provides a quick, accurate solution for measuring salinity in liquid foods like soups, curries, and noodles, ensuring consistent flavor balance. Its portable design and easy calibration with saline solution make it convenient for chefs, food manufacturers, and home cooks alike. The device displays precise salinity levels and uses intuitive facial icons for easy interpretation. By eliminating guesswork, the technology helps maintain flavor consistency, improves efficiency, and meets dietary requirements with precision. The technology owner is seeking partners in healthcare, catering, and food manufacturing for licensing and IP acquisition of the technology. Salinity Range: Measures salinity levels from 0.01% to 2.00% (g/100ml), providing precise readings for liquid foods such as soups, curries, and noodles. Display: Digital readout shows salinity in percentage, with an additional visual aid using three facial icons to indicate different levels of salinity. Calibration: Can be easily calibrated using standard saline solution for wound cleaning, ensuring accurate and reliable performance. Portability: Compact, lightweight design for easy handling and transport, making it ideal for use in kitchens, catering services, and food production facilities. User-Friendly: Intuitive interface designed for quick, on-the-go salinity checks, suitable for professional chefs, food manufacturers, and healthcare applications. Food & Beverage: Ensuring flavor consistency in liquid foods for restaurants and manufacturers and salinity control in mass food production and catering Healthcare & Nutrition: Monitoring sodium intake for dietary restrictions Product Innovation: Precision meters for commercial kitchens and home use.   Precision: Provides accurate salinity measurements (0.01% to 2.00%) for liquid foods. Portability: Compact and lightweight for easy use in kitchens, catering, and home environments. Ease of Use: Features a digital display and intuitive facial icons for quick interpretation. Calibration Flexibility: Easily calibrated with standard saline solutions for reliable performance. Versatile Applications: Suitable for food manufacturers, chefs, healthcare providers, and home cooks. Consistency & Quality: Ensures flavor consistency and supports dietary sodium control. Salinity meter, sodium intake control, calibrated, sodium, detector, portable Chemicals, Analysis, Foods, Ingredients, Quality & Safety

Current additive manufacturing technologies face limitations in material diversity, lengthy post-processing times and difficulties in integrating complex structures or fibers into printed components. As a result, traditional 3D printers and processes struggle to meet the growing demand for more versatile applications. The Advanced Multi-Material Silicone 3D Printer addresses these challenges by enabling 3D printing with a wide range of materials, from soft elastomers to hard epoxies. This technology produces high-resolution geometries with customizable mechanical properties. It enables the fabrication of hollow structures and advanced textures without the need for molds or multi-step processes. It resolves a significant pain point in the production of intricate, flexible components by reducing production time and expanding the range of printable materials. By bridging a critical gap in the market, this technology and its IP offers a flexible, multi-material 3D printing solution that delivers both performance and efficiency. The technology owner is looking for potential partnership through R&D collaboration, IP licensing and test-bedding. Ideal collaboration partners across the value chain include companies in automation, robotics, manufacturing, medical devices, and wearable technology. Key Features:  Multi-material 3D printing: 3D print with a wide range of materials, from soft elastomers to hard epoxies, offering greater versatility in applications Direct ink writing (DIW): printing with support gels enables the fabrication of intricate, high-resolution geometries, including hollow structures and flexible components Automated fiber embedding (AFE): enhanced mechanical properties of printed objects through seamlessly embedding fibers during the printing process Specifications of 3D Printer:  Build volume: 350 x 350 x 400 mm  Printing accuracy: +/- 0.1mm  Control pressure: 1-100 psi  3 Cameras (Front camera, bottom camera and top stereo vision camera) Auto bed levelling Multi-material printing Integrated pressure control  Healthcare: ideal for medical devices requiring elastomer components with complex structures, such as custom prosthetics, orthotics, and implants Automation, Robotics, and Manufacturing: enables the creation of inflatable structures, actuators, and grippers with complex geometries and integrated functionality Wearables: facilitates the production of smart textiles by printing directly onto fabrics, supporting the development of smart clothing with integrated sensors, communication systems, and responsive elements, as well as fashion enhancements Prototyping: offers a rapid turnaround for customized components compared to traditional multi-step elastomer molding methods Other Applications: consumer goods industries that require the fabrication of intricate and flexible components Multi-material product: 3D printed part with varying elasticity and hardness  Seamless integration: enables high-resolution geometries with hollow structures and advanced textures Design flexibility: overcomes traditional molding constraints, allowing for greater creative freedom Time and cost efficient: reduces production and post-processing times compared to traditional multi-step molding techniques   3D, Soft grippers, silicone, epoxy, robotics, additive manufacturing, manufacturing, prototyping, Metamaterials, Healthcare, Fashion, Recycling, Protection enhancement, gel, elastomer, urethane, fibers Materials, Plastics & Elastomers, Manufacturing, Assembly, Automation & Robotics, Additive Manufacturing

Graphene-based antibacterial composite materials are a class of materials that combine graphene's unique properties with antibacterial agents to create surfaces or textiles that can effectively kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. With its inherent antibacterial properties, graphene’s large surface area and high conductivity makes it an ideal carrier for functional molecules that exhibit antibacterial properties naturally. The technology on offer is a proprietary process to prepare and application of a green and multifunctional graphene-based antibacterial composite material for textiles. These materials can be applied to various textile materials and products, possessing antibacterial, antiviral, and deodorizing properties. Featuring high efficiency (99%), broad-spectrum coverage, non-toxicity, functionalised textiles can be used in healthcare and consumer products for long-lasting and multifunctional antibacterial properties. It is non-leaching and more eco-friendly compared to traditional chemical antibacterial products. This technology can endow textile products with antibacterial, antiviral, and deodorizing properties, enhancing the added value of traditional textile materials for safe and non-toxic antibacterial performance. The technology owner is interested in joint R&D projects with companies looking to incorporate this graphene-based antibacterial composite and develop new eco-friendly and multifunctional antibacterial textile products.   This technology comprises of graphene as the primary antibacterial component and pyrethroid antibacterial agents to form the composite. Some features of this material include: Exhibits more than 99% antibacterial (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans) and antiviral (H1N1) performance Superior deodorising function Highly durable - able to last up to 50 washes when applied on textiles Safe and non-toxic e.g., free from heavy metal ions and does not leach Graphene-based antibacterial and antiviral textiles are ideal for medical and health protection applications, including masks, protective clothing, uniforms for healthcare professionals, and patient gowns. These materials can also be adapted for various other clothing items and home textiles. Additionally, graphene-based antibacterial and deodorizing textiles are well-suited for skin-contact products such as socks, underwear, and T-shirts. They can also be applied to a wide range of items, including insoles, shoe linings, carpets, and decorative fabrics. Safe, eco-friendly and multifunctional antibacterial material for various applications Exhibits exceptional antibacterial and antiviral performance on textiles with long-lasting effects   textiles, antibacterial, apparel, medical, health, protection, graphene, composite, antiviral Materials, Composites, Chemicals, Additives, Sustainability, Sustainable Living

Elderly individuals commonly suffer from tooth sensitivity due to enamel erosion, gum recession, and reduced mineral content in their teeth. This sensitivity can make eating, drinking, and maintaining oral hygiene painful and uncomfortable. Conventional toothpastes may offer temporary relief but often fail to restore lost enamel or prevent long-term sensitivity, leaving elderly individuals without a lasting solution. The developed toothpaste is designed to address these issues through the use of hydroxyapatite extracted from fish bones. Hydroxyapatite, a mineral resembling human bone and tooth structure, effectively replenishes lost minerals, strengthens enamel, and reduces tooth sensitivity. It helps to strengthen the tooth enamel by increasing mineral content and density through its nano-hydroxyapatite particles. The particles integrate into the enamel’s matrix, helping to remineralize and restore hardness. The toothpaste coats the teeth, filling microcracks and dentinal tubules, significantly reducing dentinal hypersensitivity, a key cause of tooth pain in older adults. Additionally, the nano-hydroxyapatite has antibacterial properties, reducing the need for additives like Triclosan. As a result, the toothpaste provides a cost-effective, sustainable, and highly beneficial solution for tooth sensitivity in the elderly, while also supporting environmental conservation and public health. The collaborator is seeking a partner to provide starting materials, experts in waste management, or with a large-scale production capacity to support R&D and test-bedding for the further development of this technology. The process begins by preparing a calcium source derived from fish bones, which is then carefully mixed and subjected to specific reactions to produce hydroxyapatite. This method ensures the creation of a high-quality, bio-compatible material ideal for dental applications. Hydroxyapotite: Derived from fish bones, a bio-compatible calcium compound mimics the natural mineral structure of human teeth and bones. Arranged in a hexagonal lattice structure, which integrates seamlessly into tooth enamel, aiding in remineralization and reducing sensitivity. Enamel Strengthening: The toothpaste replenishes lost minerals, reinforcing tooth enamel and increasing its density, resulting in strong, more resilient teeth. Nanoparticle Integration: Nanoparticles penetrate microcracks and fill dentinal tubules, providing a protective coating and alleviating dentinal hypersensitivity. Non-toxic and Safe: Lab-tested to be non-toxic to human cells, ensuring safety for daily use without the need for additives, i.e Triclosan. Antibacterial Properties: Nano-hydroxyapatite naturally inhibits bacterial growth, helping maintain oral hygiene and reduce the risk of dental issues. This technology provides a comprehensive solution for tooth sensitivity, enamel protection, and overall oral health, making it particularly beneficial for the elderly. Dental Industry: Prevention and treatment of tooth sensitivity, particularly for the elderly and individuals with enamel erosion. Oral Care Products: Commercial toothpaste formulations focused on reducing tooth sensitivity and improving enamel strength. Natural toothpaste options without additional additives – i.e Triclosan Elderly Care Products: Targeting common issues like tooth sensitivity and enamel degradation. Supplements: Bone regeneration and dental care by enhancing bone density and promoting natural bone repair.  The global market for herbal toothpaste is expected to grow significantly over the next few years, with the market value rising from USD 738.23 million in 2022 to a projected USD 1,023.66 million by 2028.  Sustainable Dental Technology: Utilizes hydroxyapatite derived from fish bones to remineralize and protect teeth, specially designed to reduce tooth sensitivity, particularly in the elderly. Natural Solution: Replenishes lost minerals and strengthens enamel using fish-derived hydroxyapatite. Environmentally Friendly: Uses fish bones, a by-product from the food industry, reducing waste and environmental pollution. Cost-Effective Production: Potentially reducing waste disposal costs for food manufacturers (fish-related). biocalcium toothpaste, hydroxyapatite, toothpaste, fish bone, remineralizing toothpaste, tooth sensitivity relief, natural calcium toothpaste, enamel protection, eco-friendly, anti-bacterial toothpaste, oral care, sensitive teeth solution Materials, Bio Materials, Chemicals, Additives, Bio-based, Sustainability, Sustainable Living